Authors:

Sunil Kumar Baskey, Sanjit Kr Majhi

Abstract:

The empowerment of women has been a key objective of the developmental agenda of India since independence in 1947. This article examines the evolution of constitutional provisions and policy frameworks designed to promote fostering women’s empowerment and equal opportunities in Indian society. It conveys that equality in India is strongly supported by the constitutional structure of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles, ensuring legal protection and opportunities for women.The study traces the transformation of policy approaches across different phases ranging from welfare-oriented measures in the early decades to development-focused strategies, followed by empowerment initiatives and finally a rights-based and inclusive approach in the contemporary period. It also discusses key legislations, institutional mechanisms and government programmes that have contributed to women’s social, economic and political advancement.The article suggests that while meaningful improvements have occurred in women’s access to education, work, and political life, persistent challenges such as gender discrimination, violence and socio-economic inequality remain. Therefore, a continuous and holistic approach is necessary to achieve genuine women empowerment and gender justice in India.

Keywords:

The Constitution of India, Women Empowerment, Constitutional Provisions, Policy Framework, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Economic Empowerment, Political Participation, Legal Reforms

Vol & Issue:

VOL.18, ISSUE No.1, March 2026