Authors:

Poonam Patel, Suresh Makvana

Abstract:

Enculturation, the process through which individuals retain and internalize their cultural values and practices, plays a significant role in shaping mental health. The present study systematically reviews empirical literature examining the relationship between enculturation and mental health outcomes across diverse cultural contexts. A total of 325 studies were analyzed, encompassing both positive mental health indicators (e.g., self-esteem, life satisfaction) and negative mental health indicators (e.g., depression, anxiety, psychological distress). The findings indicate that enculturation is generally positively associated with positive mental health outcomes, suggesting its role as a protective cultural resource. However, its relationship with negative mental health is inconsistent, with most studies showing non-significant associations, while some indicate increased anxiety under certain conditions. The results also highlight the influence of measurement approaches and contextual factors in shaping these relationships. Overall, the study emphasizes the complex and multidimensional nature of enculturation and underscores the need for culturally sensitive research and interventions in mental health.

Keywords:

Enculturation; Mental Health; Positive Mental Health; Psychological Well-being

Vol & Issue:

VOL.18, ISSUE No.1, March 2026